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Introduction: The development of recommendations for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Cuban context may be one of the ways to achieve better control of this disease. Objective: To reach a consensus and update relevant aspects of conventional and biological RA modifier therapy in Cuba. Methods: 18 specialists from 8 Cuban provinces, experts in RA care, were summoned, according to the years of dedication to the specialty, the conferences on this topic and their publications. The first meeting took place in March 2016 in the provincial hospital of Villa Clara, Cuba, with the participation of all the experts. A review of the literature on conventional and biological therapy previously collected by the participants was developed, and two teams were formed: the first would address everything related to conventional therapy in RA (HRCT) and the other, biological therapy in RA (TBAR). Three questionnaires related to the use of corticosteroids, HRCT and TBAR, were prepared, answered by the participants via email. In a second meeting, held in October 2016 in Havana, the analysis of all the responses provided was carried out. Questions with a response of 90% or more votes were considered as recommendations. Results: The questionnaires were answered by 95% of the participants. 9 recommendations and 1 algorithm were established. The recommendations are as follows: methotrexate is the drug of choice in the treatment of RA after diagnosis; The administration of another conventional drug (DMARDc) (azathioprine, salazosulfapyridine, antimalarials and leflunomide) is recommended in patients with a diagnosis of active RA in whom methotrexate is contraindicated or there is a failure in response - consider the administration of low doses of prednisone or equivalent (<7.5 mg/d) associated with DMARDc in patients with active moderate to severe RA, for the shortest possible time; perform serological control including tests for hepatitis B and C viruses and screening for HIV in all patients diagnosed with RA before starting treatment with DMARDc and biologics; in patients in remission or, at least, with a DAS-28 below 3.2, consideration should be given to withdrawing one of the DMARDs or reducing, to the minimum possible expression, the dose of both disease modifiers; if methotrexate fails, tocilizumab in combination with methotrexate or as monotherapy will be indicated. Conclusions: Aspects related to conventional therapy with methotrexate, azathioprine, salazosulfapyridine, antimalarials and leflunomide were agreed. The value of early diagnosis and immediate initiation of DMARDc therapy and the use of glucocorticoids was analyzed. Treatment with tocilizumab, the only biological available in Cuba against RA, will be administered when there is a failure in the response to conventional therapy and combinations between these drugs. It is recommended to hold educational conferences through the mass media aimed at patientshttp(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Antimaláricos/uso terapéutico , Artritis Reumatoide/terapiaRESUMEN
El presente estudio trata acerca de la cotidianidad de la cuidadora primaria durante la hospitalización del niño(a) con enfermedad crónica, considerando este un tema importante para el profesional de enfermería en el desarrollo del cuidado. Objetivo: Analizar el cotidiano de la cuidadora primaria durante la hospitalización del niño(a) con enfermedad crónica. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico. Participaron 6 cuidadoras de niños/as hospitalizados/as con enfermedad crónica que se encontraban en el servicio de infectología de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención; se utilizó para la recogida de datos la observación participante y la entrevista semi-estructurada, fueron grabadas previo consentimiento informado, se realizó análisis temático. Hallazgos: Después de analizar los datos se desprendieron, cinco categorías con 2 subcategorías y la quinta categoría con 3 subcategorías; cuidados que dedica la madre al niño/a hospitalizado/a; el apego materno, una forma de fortalecer los lazos de afecto entre el hijo/a y la madre; tiempo y espacio en el entorno hospitalario; percepción de sí misma y repercusiones del proceso de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: Las cuidadoras primarias expresan su cotidiano como la repetición de las mismas actividades en el hospital, al participar en el cuidado lo asumen como su responsabilidad para contribuir en la pronta recuperación del niño/a.
The present study is intended to survey the daily life of a primary healthcare giver during the hospitalization of a child with chronic illness, taking into consideration that the crucial issue for the nursing professionals is the development of all the processes for adequate healthcare delivery. Objective: To analyze the daily routine of the primary healthcare giver throughout the hospitalization time of a chronically ill child. Methodology: A qualitative phenomenological study involving 6 healthcare givers for hospitalized children with chronic diseases assigned to the Infectology service of a third level hospital. For data collection, direct observation of the participants and application of semi-structured interview were used. The responses of the participating caregivers in the interview were recorded priorto informed consent and thematic analysis was performed. Findings: The analysis of data brought into evidence the existence of five categories and 2 subcategories. The five categories found were: 1. Mother-childward care provision, 2. mother-child attachment as bond-of-affection strengthening tool, 3. time and space in the hospital environment, 4. self-perception and 5. disease process repercussions. The fifth category has three subcategories. Conclusions: The daily lives of the primary healthcare givers are fraught with repetitive activities in the hospital wards. When participating in the healthcare delivery, the caregivers unalloyedly assume it as their responsibility to contribute to the early recovery of the child.